Caeruloplasmin

Chemical Pathology

Notes

Caeruloplasmin is the major protein bound form of copper in the circulation.

Caeruloplasmin levels may be low in Wilson's disease, or in rare acquired copper deficiency states (e.g. excessive zinc intake, persistent infantile diarrhoea, severe malabsorption or nephrotic syndrome).

For investigation of possible Wilson's disease, the GHNHST Gastroenterology protocol for abnormal LFT's only recommends caeruloplasmin measurement in patients under 50 years of age who have persistently raised ALT.

Caeruloplasmin is an acute phase protein and is therefore often elevated in infection and inflammation, samples may therefore not be processed if there is evidence of inflammation (indicated by a raised CRP result). Pregnancy, OCP and oestradiol containing medications may also increase caeruloplasmin levels. 24 hour urine copper measurement is an alternative screening test for Wilson's Disease.

Sample requirements

For adults, blood taken into a 5mL gold top tube (or rust top for the Acute Unit)

For children, blood taken into a 3.5mL rust top tube

Storage/transport

Do not store. Send at ambient temperature to the laboratory the same day.

Required information

Relevant clinical details and a recent CRP level.

Turnaround times

The samples are sent for analysis to North Bristol Trust, with results expected within 10 days.

Reference ranges

>0.32 g/L - Likely due to infection/inflammation.

0.20 – 0.32 g/L – Wilson’s disease is highly unlikely.

0.10– 0.19 g/L- Wilson’s disease is not excluded.

<0.10 g/L – Highly suggestive of Wilson’s disease

Further information

To learn more about caeruloplasmin visit Lab Tests Online: Caeruloplasmin

Page last updated: 19/11/2024